Section 175-3 DEFINITIONS


For the purpose of this chapter, certain words and terms are herein defined as follows:

 

ACCESS - A public or private right-of-way providing the ability to enter, approach or pass to and from an area to another area.

 

ACCESSORY BUILDING/ACCESSORY STRUCTURE - A building or structure that is subordinate to, and located on the same lot as the principal permitted use of the property, of which, the accessory building or accessory structure is used for purposes that are clearly incidental to that of the principal permitted use of the property, and which is not attached by any part of a common wall or roof to the main building, or buildings, if any. A building that is larger than 200 square feet, except for those used for agricultural pursuits, or any buildings that are connected to utilities, shall not be considered accessory buildings/structures.


(Amended by Adding "Accessory Structure" and definition of 7-23-12 - Effective Upon Passage)

 

ACCESSORY USE - A use of a building, lot or portion thereof which is customarily incidental and subordinate to the principal permitted use of the main building or lot.


(Amended by adding word "permitted"7-23-12 - Effective Upon Passage)


AGRICULTURE/AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS - The tilling of soil, the raising of crops, horticulture, aquaculture, hydroponics, forestry, gardening, apiculture, livestock and fowl keeping and breeding, farm wineries, roadside stands, tenant houses necessary for the operation of the farm, and the production of natural products with resources primarily derived from the land upon which it is produced. yard maintenance, landscaping, noncommercial gardening and other customary incidental accessory uses shall not be deemed as "agriculture". Where agricultural uses are permitted under Chapter 175 of the Town Code, the provisions of Section 66-5 pertaining to slaughtering of stock shall not apply, provided that this exemption only applies to small scale slaughtering activities on a farm, and does not apply to slaughterhouses.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


ADMINISTRATOR, THE - The official charged with the administration and enforcement of the Zoning Ordinance.

 

ALLEY - A public right-of-way which affords only a secondary means of vehicular access to the side or rear of property.

 

ALL-WEATHER SURFACE - Crushed rock, gravel or similar surface shall constitute an all-weather surface.

 

AMENDMENT - A change in the Zoning Ordinance and/or Zoning Map granted by the Town Council after review and comment by the Town Planning Commission.

 

APARTMENT HOUSE - A multifamily structure originally intended, arranged or designed to be occupied by three (3) or more families, each in an individual dwelling unit and living independently of each other.  The number of families in permanent residence shall not exceed the number of dwelling units provided.  Entranceways through the structure to the units may be either common or separate, and each lot on which the building is located shall be held in single ownership, even though individual units may be sold in accordance with this chapter.  Such term shall not include "row house" or "townhouse."  Each apartment unit shall occupy space on not more than one (1) story in a structure.

 

ARCHITECT, REGISTERED - A licensed professional architect registered in the Commonwealth of Virginia by the Department of Professional and Occupational Registration as an architect.

 

ATTIC - The space between the ceiling beams of the top habitable story and the roof rafters.  An "attic" shall be considered a half-story and shall be included in the calculation of building height.

 

AUTOMOBILE GRAVEYARD - See "junkyard."

 

AUTOMOBILE PARKING LOT, COMMERCIAL - A lot or portion thereof, other than an automobile sales lot, held out or used for the storage or parking of six (6) or more motor vehicles for a consideration, where service or repair facilities are not permitted.  Such parking lot shall not be considered an accessory use; nor shall it be used for the storage of dismantled or wrecked vehicles, parts thereof or junk.

 

AUTOMOBILE SALES LOT - A lot arranged, designed or used for the storage and display for sale of any new or used motor vehicles capable of independent operation or any type of travel trailer and recreational vehicle, provided that the  travel trailer and recreation vehicle is unoccupied, and where  repair work is done wholly enclosed within a building.

 

AUTOMOBILE SERVICE STATION - A place of business with pumps and underground storage tanks, having as its purpose the  servicing, at retail, of motor vehicles with fuels and lubricants, and including minor repairs and inspections incidental thereto, but not including a general repair shop,  paint or body shop, machine shop, vulcanizing shop or any operation requiring the removal or installation of a radiator,  engine, cylinder head, crankcase, transmission, differential,  fenders, doors, bumpers, grills, glass or other body parts or  any body repairing or painting.  All repairs shall be conducted within a fully enclosed building.

 

AUTOMOBILE WRECKING YARD - An area where destroyed, abandoned and obsolete automobiles are disassembled and where parts of said disassembled automobiles are generally sold and where the remaining automobile bodies and their components are temporarily stored until they can be removed or reduced to scrap metal.

 

BABYSITTING - An activity occurring in any private family home in which nine (9) children or fewer, including children  residing on the premises and/or related by blood or marriage  to the person who maintains the home, are received for care, protection and guidance during any part of the twenty-four-hour day.  A town business license is required for the care of any children not related by blood or marriage when such service is provided in a private family home during any eleven (11) days or more, either consecutive or nonconsecutive days, in any given month.

 

(Ord. No. Z-8-89 Added 10-23-89-Effective Upon Passage)

(Ord. No. Z-5-90 Amended 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)


BABYSITTING SERVICE
- Any activity occurring in an occupied residence whereby the resident(s) provides day care for children other than those in his/her own immediate family. Such care is limited to that care given to no more than seven (7) children at any given time, other than the children that permanently reside on the premises.  A town business license is required for "baby-sitting service".

 

BASEMENT - A story partly underground and having fifty percent (50%) or more of the total exterior wall area exposed.  It shall not be occupied for residential purposes until the remainder of the building has been completed.  A "basement" shall be counted as a story for the purpose of height requirements.

 

BAY WINDOW - A convex window frame and pane(s) that projects outward from a house or other structure, which may project not more than three feet (3') into any required yard area.

 

(Ord. No. 7-06 Added 7-24-06 - Effective Upon Passage)

 

BED-AND-BREAKFAST HOME - A single-family, owner-occupied dwelling with ten (10) or fewer guest rooms in which overnight accommodations and breakfast are provided for transient guests, none of whom remain any more than fourteen (14) consecutive nights.  A "bed-and-breakfast home" shall also be known as a "Tourist Home".

 

(Ord. No. Z-7-90 Added 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)

 

BLOCK - The property bound on all sides by one (1) side of a street or a combination of a street line, railroad right-of-way, unsubdivided land, river, live stream, stream bed or any other barrier to the continuity of development.

 

BOARDINGHOUSE - See "Lodging House".

 

(Ord. No. Z-12-90 Amended 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)

 

BOARD, THE - The Board of Zoning Appeals of the Town of Front Royal, Virginia.

 

BUILDING - A structure having a roof, supported by columns or by walls and intended for the shelter, housing or enclosure of any person, animal or chattel.

 

BUILDING COVERAGE, LOT COVERAGE - All areas on a lot which are under a roof or under projections from buildings.

 

BUILDING INSPECTOR - An appointed official of the Town of Front Royal, Virginia who is responsible for certifying building inspections.

 

BUILDING, MAIN - A building in which the principal use of the lot is conducted.


CARETAKER QUARTERS
A dwelling unit located within a building that is used by a business enterprise, and is occupied by the owner or an employee of the business.  Only one (1) caretaker quarters shall be permitted per building, and shall not utilize more than twenty percent (20%) of the ground floor area of the building.

 

(Ord. No. 7-12 Added 3-12-12-Effective Upon Passage)


CATERING SERVICES -
An establishment that prepares meals or food on premise with pickup/delivery for consumption off-site.


(Ord. No. 4-11 Added 2-28-11-Effective Upon Passage)


CELLAR
- A portion of a building having less than fifty percent (50%) of the total exterior wall area exposed.  Such a portion of a building shall not be used for habitation.  All portions of the total exterior wall area exposed shall be counted for the purpose of height requirements, but shall not be considered a story.

 

CEMETERY - A place for burial of the human dead.

 

CHURCH - Buildings or structures primarily intended for organized religious services and associated accessory uses.


(Added 7-23-12 -Effective Upon Passage)


CLINIC
- An establishment where human patients who are not lodged overnight are admitted for examination or treatment by physicians or dentists.

 

COMMISSION, THE - See "Planning Commission".

 

COMMON OPEN SPACE - An open tract or parcel of land owned in undivided interest, not devoted to structures but directly related and adjunct to a development, as herein provided.

 

COMMUNITY CENTER (public) - A structure designed and constructed for public use which includes a community meeting room, athletic or exercise facilities or similar uses.

 

(Ord. No. 4-08 Added 7-28-08-Effective Upon Passage)

 

CONVALESCENT HOME - See "nursing home".

 

COVERAGE - See "building coverage".

 

DAYCARE - The provision of care, protection and guidance to a group of children separated from their parents or guardian during a part of the day only, except that the following shall not constitute "day care":  a licensed summer camp under Virginia Code Section 35.1-1, a public school, a private school not operating as a child-care center outside the scope of regular classes as defined in Virginia Code Section 63.1-195, a facility operated by a hospital on the hospital premises providing care to the children of hospital's employees while such employees are engaged in the performance of work for the hospital, a Sunday School, conducted by a religious institution or a facility operated by a religious organization where children are cared for during short periods of time while the persons responsible for such children are attending religious services, and babysitting.

 

(Ord. No. Z-8-89 Added 10-23-89-Effective Upon Passage)

 

DENSITY - The number of dwelling units permitted on one (1) acre of land as specified herein.

 

DEVELOPMENT - The process of erecting or causing to be erected buildings or structures on a lot.

 

DISTRICT - A portion of the Town of Front Royal within which, on a uniform basis, only certain uses of land and buildings are permitted as set forth in this chapter and within which certain lot areas and other uniform requirements are established.

 

DRIVEWAY - A space or area providing access specifically designated and reserved on a lot for the movement of vehicles from one lot to another or from a lot to a public street.  "Driveways" for commercial or industrial properties shall be hard surfaced.


DRIVE-IN EATING ESTABLISHMENT
- Any place or premises used for sale, dispensing or serving of food, refreshments or beverages in automobiles, including those establishments where customers may serve themselves and may eat or drink the food, refreshments or beverages in motor vehicles on the premises; a refreshment stand; a fast-food or primarily a carry-out establishment.

 

DUPLEX - A two-family residential structure, with each unit having its own exterior entrance; the residential units may be arranged one above the other, or be semidetached.

 

DWELLING - A building or portion thereof which is used or intended to be used exclusively for residential purposes and contains one (1) or more dwelling units.

 

DWELLING, ATTACHED - A dwelling having any portion of each of two (2) walls in common with adjoining dwellings.

 

DWELLING, DETACHED - A dwelling which is entirely freestanding on a lot.

 

DWELLING, MULTIFAMILY - A structure originally arranged or designed to be composed of three (3) or more dwelling units (an apartment house), with the number of families in residence not exceeding the number of dwelling units provided.

 

DWELLING, SEMIDETACHED - One (1) of two (2) buildings, arranged or designed as dwellings located on abutting walls without openings, and with each building having a separate lot with minimum dimensions required by district regulations.

 

DWELLING, SINGLE-FAMILY - A residential dwelling unit, other than a mobile home or manufactured home, designed for occupancy by one (1) family, and not located on the same lot as another dwelling unit.


(Amended by adding "manufactured home" 7-23-12 - Effective Upon Passage)

 

DWELLING, TEMPORARY - A residence designed as a portable dwelling but not necessarily attached to a permanent foundation.

 

DWELLING, TWO-FAMILY - A residential building containing not more than two (2) dwelling units, arranged one above the other or side by side, designed for occupancy by not more than two (2) families.

 

DWELLING UNITS - One (1) room, or rooms connected together, constituting a separate, independent housekeeping establishment for owner occupancy or rental or lease on a weekly, monthly or longer basis and physically separated from any other rooms or dwelling units which may be in the same structure and containing independent cooking and sleeping facilities and containing not less than six hundred (600) square feet of residential floor area.  Such units shall meet the requirements of the Building Code of the Town of Front Royal.

 

EASEMENT - A grant by a property owner of the use of his land by another party for a specific purpose.  The initial property owner in the agreement may be compensated for the use of his property.

 

ENGINEER, REGISTERED - A licensed professional engineer registered in the Commonwealth of Virginia by the Department of Professional and Occupational Registration as an engineer.

 

FAMILY - One (1) person, or a group of two (2) or more persons, living together and interrelated by bonds of blood, marriage or legal adoption occupying a dwelling unit or part of a dwelling unit as a separate housekeeping unit with a common set of cooking facilities.  The persons constituting a "family" may also include foster children and domestic servants.

 

FAST-FOOD ESTABLISHMENT - See "drive-in" eating establishment.

 

FENCE - An artificially constructed barrier, made of any material, including but not limited to posts and wire, boards, or masonry intended to prevent escape or intrusion to make a boundary, or serve as screening.

 

(Ord. No. Z-2-03 Amended 2-24-03-Effective Upon Passage)


FLEA MARKET - An assembly of vendors, selling new or used goods in the open air or within temporary structures, which display and sell their wares on the lands of another for a consideration.


(Added 7-23-12 - Effective Upon Passage)


FLOODPLAIN - Sections of land, adjacent to bodies of water, which are subject to periodic flooding and inundation as defined or approved by the Department of Housing and Urban Development and/or the Corps of Army Engineers.

 

FLOOR AREA OF A BUILDING OR BUILDINGS - The sum of the gross horizontal areas of the several floors of all buildings on the lot measured from the exterior faces of exterior walls. "Floor area" shall include the area of basements when used for residential, commercial or industrial purposes when such are permitted, but shall not include a basement or portion of a basement used for storage or housing of mechanical or central heating equipment.

 

FRONTAGE - See "lot width."

 

FUNERAL PARLOR, HOME OR MORTUARY - An establishment used for human funeral services, which shall include facilities on the premises for embalming and may or may not include facilities for the performance of autopsies, other surgical procedures or cremation.

 

GARAGE, COMMUNAL - A garage used for the storage of vehicles for occupants of lots in the same adjacent block or blocks.

 

GARAGE, PRIVATE - An accessory building used for the storage of vehicles by the occupants of a lot on which such building is located.

 

GARAGE, PUBLIC - An accessory building, portion of a principal building or principal buildings used only for the storage of four (4) or more vehicles by others than only those occupants of a lot on which such building is located.

 

GOVERNING BODY - The Town Council of Front Royal, Virginia.

 

GOVERNMENT OFFICES and BUILDINGS - Offices and structures used primarily for conducting the affairs of government. This definition shall include school maintenance shops and work areas.


(Ord. No. 5-11 Added 2-28-11-Effective Upon Passage)


HARD SURFACE
- Concrete, blacktop and macadam or a similar surface.

 

HEALTH OFFICIAL (OFFICER) - The Director of the Warren County Department of Health or his designated deputy or a representative of the Virginia Department of Health - Warren County.

 

HEIGHT OF BUILDING - The vertical distance from the established grade of the center of the front of the building to the highest point of the roof surface of a flat roof, to the deck line for a mansard roof and to the mean height level between the eaves and ridge for hip, gable and gambrel roofs.

 

HOME OCCUPATION - An occupation conducted entirely within an enclosed dwelling and clearly incidental and secondary to the residential occupancy thereof, carried on by a member or members of the family residing on the premises.  All "home occupations" shall meet the standards in Section 175-108.1.

 

(Ord. No. Z-4-94 Amended 10-10-94-Effection Upon Passage)

 

HOSPITAL - Any institution receiving inpatients and rendering medical, surgical and/or obstetrical care.  This shall include general hospitals and institutions in which service is limited to special fields, such as cardiac, eye, ear, nose and throat, pediatric, orthopedic, skin and cancer, mental, tuberculosis, chronic disease and obstetrics.  Such terms shall include group homes serving mentally retarded or other developmentally disabled persons.

 

HOTEL - A building designed or occupied as the more or less temporary abiding place for fourteen (14) or more individuals who are, for compensation, lodged with or without meals, and in which no provision is made for cooking in individual rooms or suites.

 

JUNKYARD - Any land or building used for the abandonment, storage, keeping, collecting or bailing of paper, rags, scrap metals, other scrap or discarded materials or for the abandonment, demolition, dismantling, storage or salvaging of automobiles or other vehicles not in running condition, machinery or parts thereof.  The term "junkyard" shall include the term "automobile graveyard," which shall be any lot or place which is exposed to the weather upon which more than three (3) motor vehicles of any kind, incapable of being operated, are placed.

 

KENNEL  - Any place, private or commercial, equipped and/or used to house, board, breed, handle, train, or otherwise care for five (5) or more dogs six (6) months of age or older.

 

(Ord. No. Z-4-03 Added 4-14-03-Effective Upon Passage)

 

LAUNDROMAT - A building or part thereof where clothes or other household articles are washed or dry cleaned in self-service machines with a capacity for washing not exceeding twenty-five (25) pounds dry weight and where such washed clothes and articles may also be dried or ironed, and no delivery service is provided in connection therewith.

 

LAUNDRY - A building, or part thereof, other than a laundromat, where clothes and other articles are washed, dried, ironed or dry-cleaned.

 

LODGING HOUSE - A residential building, other than a hotel, motel or bed-and-breakfast home, where lodging is provided for compensation on a regular basis, pursuant to previous arrangements, but which is not open to the public or transient guests.  Meals may be provided to the residents in a central location; however, no provisions shall be made for cooking in individual rooms or units.  The maximum number of rooms or units shall be controlled by the area requirements of the district in which the use is located, but in no case shall the total number of lodging rooms or units exceed ten (10).  A "Lodging House" shall also be known as a "Rooming House" or a "Boarding House."

 

(Ord. No. Z-12-90 Added 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)

 

LOT - A parcel of land occupied or to be occupied by a building and its accessory buildings or by a use and accessory uses, together with such open spaces as are required under the provisions of this chapter, having at least the minimum area required by this chapter for a lot in the zone in which such lot is situated and having its principal frontage on a public or private street approved by the town.

 

LOT, CORNER - A lot abutting on two (2) or more streets at their intersection.

 

LOT COVERAGE - The maximum percent of the lot which may be occupied by buildings or structures, including accessory buildings or structures.

 

LOT DEPTH - The average of the horizontal distances between front and rear lines of a lot measured perpendicular to the street line.

 

LOT INTERIOR - Any lot other than a corner lot.

 

LOT OF RECORD - A lot which has been recorded in the office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court.

 

LOT, THROUGH (DOUBLE FRONTAGE) - A lot, other than a corner lot, which has a frontage on two (2) streets.

 

LOT, WIDTH OF  - The horizontal distance between the side lines of a lot measured along the building setback line.

 

MAIN BUILDING - A building that is used in conjunction with the principal permitted use of the property.


(Added 7-23-12 -Effective Upon Passage)


MANUFACTURE and/or MANUFACTURING
- The processing and/or converting of raw, unfinished materials or products, or either of them, into articles or substances of different character or for use for a different purpose.


MANUFACTURED HOME - A residential dwelling built in a factory in accordance with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development Code and the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards. A mobile home or home built from one (1) or more modular units are not considered manufactured homes.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


MANUFACTURING, HEAVY
- The use of land where significant external effects are created and pose significant risks due to the involvement of explosives, radioactive materials, poisons, pesticides, herbicides, or other hazardous materials in the manufacturing or other process.


(Ord. No. 7-12 Added 3-12-12-Effective Upon Passage)


MANUFACTURING, LIGHT - The use of land for processing, manufacturing, compounding, assembly, packaging, treatment or fabrication of materials and products, from processed or previously manufactured materials. Light industry is capable of operation in such a manner as to control the external effects of the manufacturing process, such as smoke, noise, soot, dirt, vibration, odor, etc.  Uses may include, but are not limited to, a machine shop, the manufacturing of apparel, electrical appliances, electronic equipment, camera and photographic equipment, ceramic products, cosmetics and toiletries, business machines, paper products (but not manufacturing of paper from pulpwood), musical instruments, medical appliances, tools or hardware, plastic products (but not the processing of raw materials), pharmaceuticals or optical goods, bicycles, and any other product of a similar nature as determined by the Director.


(Ord. No. 7-12 Added 3-12-12-Effective Upon Passage)


MANUFACTURING, MEDIUM - The use of land where goods or energy are generally mass produced from raw materials on a large scale through use of an assembly line or similar process, usually for sale to wholesalers or other industrial or manufacturing uses. Medium industry produces moderate external effects such as smoke, noise, soot, dirt, vibration, odor, etc.


(Ord. No. 7-12 Added 3-12-12-Effective Upon Passage)


MINI-STORAGE FACILITY - (also know as mini-warehouse) - a self-service storage building, or group of buildings, consisting of individual, small, self-contained units for the storage of good, materials or supplies.

 

(Ord. No. Z-1-03 Added 1-27-03-Effective Upon Passage)

 

MOBILE HOME - A residential dwelling built in a factory before the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety  Standards went into effect on June 15, 1976. New or replacement mobile homes are not permitted within the Town.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


MODULAR UNIT
- A factory-fabricated transportable building designed to be used by itself or to be incorporated with similar units at a building site into a modular structure. The term is intended to apply to major assemblies and does not include prefabricated panels, trusses, plumbing trees and other supplements incorporated into a structure at the site. Modular units are a permitted construction type when designed to comply with the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code, and shall not be considered manufactured homes.


(Amended 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)

 

MOTEL - An establishment consisting of a group of living or sleeping accommodations with bathroom and closet space designed for use by transient automobile tourists; less than fifty percent (50%) of the living and sleeping accommodations are occupied or designed for occupancy by persons other than transient automobile tourists.

 

NONCONFORMING ACTIVITY (USE) - The otherwise legal use of a building, structure or tract of land that does not conform to the use regulations of this chapter for the district in which it is located, either at the effective date of this chapter or as a result of subsequent amendments to the chapter.

 

NONCONFORMING LOT - An otherwise legally platted lot that does not conform to the minimum area or width requirements of this chapter for the district in which it is located at the effective date of this chapter or as a result of subsequent amendments to this chapter.

 

NONCONFORMING STRUCTURE - An otherwise legal building or structure that does not conform to the lot area, yard, height, lot coverage or other area regulations of this chapter or is designed or intended for a use that does not conform to the use regulations of this chapter for the district in which it is located, either at the effective date of this chapter or as a result of subsequent amendments to the chapter.

 

NURSING HOME - Also known as "extended-care home," "rest home" or "convalescent home."  A nursing facility is any place containing beds for two (2) or more patients, established to render domiciliary and/or nursing care for chronic or convalescent patients and which is properly licensed by the state.

 

OPEN SPACE, USABLE LANDSCAPED - That space on the same lot and contiguous to the principal building or buildings (except as herein noted) which is either landscaped with shrubs, planted with grass or developed and maintained for recreation, environmental and/or aesthetic purposes, and excludes that portion of the lot which is utilized for off-street parking purposes.


(Amended by adding "environmental and/or aesthetic purposes" 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)

 

OFF-STREET PARKING AREA - Space provided for vehicular parking outside a right-of-way.

 

OVERHANG - Any projection, either roof, bay window or similar cantilevered construction, which extends beyond the foundation of a structure.  No such construction shall project into any required yard more than three (3) feet, and no such projection shall have a vertical surface whose area is more than twenty-five percent (25%) of the area obtained by multiplying the mean height of the structure by the length of the structure along the yard which is violated.  An "overhang" shall be included in the calculation of lot coverage.

 

PARKING SPACE - An area of not less than nine (9) feet wide by eighteen (18) feet long for each automobile or motor vehicle, such space being exclusive of necessary drives, aisle, entrances or exits and being fully accessible for the storage and parking of vehicles.

 

(Ord. No. Z-4-87 Amended 2-9-87-Effective Upon Passage)

 

PEDDLER - A short-term temporary use of property that is permitted on commercially zoned, subject to compliance with the provisions of Chapter 98, Section 61 of the Town Code, or as amended.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


PHARMACEUTICAL CENTER
- An establishment in which only pharmaceutical services are provided.  Its purpose shall be limited to providing the public and various health professionals with information and articles intended for use in diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of a disease state, including drugs and medical instruments or devices of the type used under the strict supervision of a physician in the treatment of a specific disease entity.  No articles shall be displayed for sale.  The square footage of the "pharmaceutical center" shall be limited to a maximum of two thousand (2,000) square feet.

 

PLANNING COMMISSION - The Planning Commission of the Town of Front Royal, Virginia.

 

PORCH - Any porch, veranda or gallery (as the terms are commonly and customarily defined) or similar projection from the main wall of a structure, constructed upon the ground, and covered by a roof, canopy or awning; provided that the term shall not include any carport or other such improvement designed for and capable of accommodating the parking of a motor vehicle protected from the elements. An unenclosed porch shall mean a porch with no side enclosure, other than the side of the structure to which the porch is attached, with no screens or windows. An unenclosed porch may project into a front or rear yard not to exceed ten feet (10') nor extend any nearer than fifteen (15') from any front or rear property line. The area of a porch shall be included in the calculation of lot coverage. A porch shall not be considered an overhang, nor vice versa.

 

(Ord. No. 7-06 Added 7-24-06 - Effective Upon Passage)

 

PORTABLE STORAGE CONTAINERS - A portable, weather-resistant receptacle designed and used for the storage or shipment of household goods, wares or merchandise, and which shall be considered an accessory building on any lot or parcel within the Town, subject to the provisions of Section 175-109.2

 

(Ord. No. 19-05 Added 7-25-05-Effective Upon Passage)

    

PRINCIPAL PERMITTED USE - A specific use, or uses, of a lot that are permitted on a particular lot, based on the regulations of the underlying zoning district, and the main use, or uses, of the property, as distinguished from an accessory use.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


PROFESSIONAL OFFICES
- A structure designed for use by a person, or persons, in offering a service which requires specialized knowledge gained by intensive academic preparation such as medicine, law, engineering, dentistry, and other like endeavors.

 

PUBLIC EVENT - Any temporary activity or entertainment festival that accommodates the assembly of groups or individuals on public property after all required authorizations are obtained from the local, state and/or federal government(s).

(Ord. No. 1-12 Added 1-9-12-Effective Upon Passage)


PUBLIC FACILITY - Any area, building or structure used or controlled for government purposes, that is owned, held, or operated by any department, branch or unit of the federal government, the Commonwealth of Virginia or one or more of its local governments, political subdivisions or municipal corporations.


(Added 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)


PUBLIC PROPERTY - Property that is owned or operated by a local, state or federal government.


(Ord. No. 1-12 Added 1-9-12-Effective Upon Passage)


PUBLIC UTILITY
- Any person, firm, corporation, municipal department or board duly authorized to furnish and furnishing, under federal, state or municipal regulations, to the public electricity, gas, steam, communications, telegraph, transportation, water or such other services as may be provided. Where public utilities are permitted under this Chapter, poles, lines, water towers, reservoirs, water and sewer treatment facilities, booster and relay stations, distribution transformers, pipes, meters and other facilities necessary for the provision and maintenance of public utilities shall be permitted.


(Amended 7-23-12-Effective Upon Passage)

 

RECREATION FACILITY (commercial) - A sports or activity facility which is open to the general public for a fee. These shall include but are not limited to the following: indoor skating rink, bowling alley, arcade, swimming pool, hard and soft courts, health spa, gymnasium, physical fitness center or similar uses.

 

(Ord. No. 4-08 Added 7-28-08-Effective Upon Passage)

 

RECREATION FACILITY (public) - Facilities and uses sponsored by the Warren County Parks and Recreation Department and/or the Warren County School Administration and/or other public entities.


(Ord. No. 5-11 Added 2-28-11-Effective Upon Passage)


RECREATIONAL VEHICLES
- Every vehicular-type unit primarily designed as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel or seasonal use, that either has its own  motive power or is mounted in, or is towed by another vehicle.  The basic entities are:  travel, fifth wheel trailer, camping trailer and motor home.  The parking and storing of such vehicles is guided by Section 175-100. Such term refers also to travel trailers.

 

(Ord. No. Z-1-96 Added 7-16-96-Effective Upon Passage)

 

REPAIR - The replacement of existing work with the same kind of materials for the purpose of its maintenance, but not including additional work that would affect safety or affect exitway facilities or a vital element of an elevator, plumbing, gas piping, wiring, ventilating or heating installation or any work that would be in violation of a provision of the Front Royal Building Code or any other law governing building construction.

 

RESTAURANT - Any building in which, for compensation, food or beverages are dispensed for consumption on the premises, including, among other establishments, cafes, tearooms, confectionery shops and refreshment stands.

 

REST HOME - See "nursing home."

 

RESTORATION, BEGINNING OF - After a nonconforming use or structure has been totally or partially destroyed, includes the clearing of debris within thirty (30) days of destruction and applying for a permit to rebuild within eighteen (18) months of said destruction.

 

RETAIL STORES AND SHOP - Buildings for display and sale of merchandise at retail or for the rendering of personal services, but specifically exclusive of coal, wood, oil and lumberyards, and accessory uses.


ROADSIDE STAND - The commercial sale of agricultural products that are grown, raised, and/or crafted on the same premises in conjunction with the use of the property for agriculture, as defined herein.


(Added 7-23-12- Effective Upon Passage)


ROOMING HOUSE - See “Lodging House."

 

(Ord. No. Z-12-90 Amended 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)

 

SCHOOLS - A public school, or a private school certified by the State of Virginia in accordance with the provisions of Virginia Code Section 22.1-319 et seq., or such educational and training institutions as are exempt from state certification under the provisions of Virginia State Code Section 22.1-320, as amended.

 

(Ord. No. Z-8-89 Added 10-23-89-Effective Upon Passage)

 

SCREENING - Any device, materials, coniferous or deciduous growth, or combination thereof, such as plantings, walls, fences, or earthen berms, of sufficient height and density, as determined by the Zoning Administrator, required to serve as an opaque barrier, to vision, light, or noise between adjoining properties.

 

(Ord. No. Z-2-03 Amended 2-24-03-Effective Upon Passage)

 

SECTIONAL HOME - A dwelling made of two (2) or more modular units transported to the home site, put on a foundation and joined to make a single dwelling.  Such units shall meet the requirements of the Building Code of the Town of Front Royal.

 

SETBACK - The minimum distance by which any building or structure must be separated from the front lot line.

 

SHOPPING CENTER - Any conglomeration of commercial activities sharing a parcel of land which is held in single ownership and sharing parking facilities.

 

SIGN - Any display of any letters, words, numerals, figures, devices, emblems, pictures or any parts or combinations thereof by any means whereby the same are made visible for the purpose of making anything known, whether such display be made on, attached to or as a part of a structure, surface or any other thing.

 

SIGN, AREA OF - The entire area within a circle, triangle, parallelogram or trapezoid enclosing the extreme limits of writing, reproduction, emblem or any figure of similar character, together with any frame or other material or color forming an integral part of the display or used to differentiate the sign from the background against which it is placed, excluding the necessary supports or uprights on which such sign is placed.  On double-faced signs, only one (1) display face shall be measured in computing total sign area where sign faces are parallel and are at no point more than two (2) feet from one another.

 

SIGN, BUSINESS - A sign which directs attention to a business, commodity, service, activity or product sold, conducted or offered upon the premises where such sign is located.

 

SIGN, HOME OCCUPATION - A sign not exceeding two (2) square feet (on each side) in an area directing attention to a product, commodity or service available on the premises, but which product, commodity or service is clearly a secondary use of the dwelling.

 

SIGN, IDENTIFICATION - A sign on the premises bearing the name of a subdivision, the name of a group housing project or of a school, college, park, church or other public or quasi-public facility or a professional or firm nameplate, but bearing information pertaining only to the premises on which such sign is located.

SIGN, OUTDOOR ADVERTISING - Any sign of any material and any character whatsoever, (including erection, construction, posting, painting, printing, tacking, nailing, gluing, sticking, carving or other fastening, affixing or making visible in any manner), which is placed for outdoor advertising purposes in any way whatsoever.  Such sign is one which is not located on the premises of the activity, product, commodity or service to which it refers.  The term "billboard" is covered by this definition.

 

SIGN, TEMPORARY - A sign applying to a seasonal or other brief activity, such as, but not limited to, summer camps, horse shows, auctions or sale of land.

 

SPECIAL USE PERMIT - A permit granted by the Town Council, upon recommendation from the Planning Commission and after public hearing, for a use permitted by the Council to occupy land and/or a building erected thereon for a specific purpose not permitted by right, but permitted in accordance with standards or conditions established in this chapter or by the Planning Commission and/or Town Council in accordance with procedures established by law.

 

STOOP - A porch without a roof, cover or overhang, which may project into a front or rear yard for a distance not exceeding ten (10) feet and into a side yard for a distance not exceeding five (5) feet.

 

(Ord. No. 7-06 Added 7-24-06 - Effective Upon Passage)

 

STORY - That portion of a building other than a cellar or mezzanine, included between the surface of any floor to the beams of the floor next above it or, if there is not a floor above it, then the space between the floor and the top of the roof beams; a mezzanine shall be deemed a full story when it covers more than thirty-three (33%) of the area of the story beneath the mezzanine or if the vertical distance from the floor next below it to the floor next above it is twenty-four (24) feet or more.

 

STORY, HALF - A space under a sloping roof which has the line of intersection of roof decking and wall face not more than three (3) feet above the top floor level, and in which space not more than two-thirds (2/3) of the floor area is finished off for use.

 

STREET; ROAD - A public thoroughfare, except an alley or driveway, which affords vehicular traffic circulation and principal means of access to abutting property.

 

STRUCTURAL ALTERATION - Any change in the supporting members of a building or structure, such as bearing walls, partitions, columns, beams or girders, or any change in the width or number of exits or any substantial change in the roof.

 

STRUCTURE - Anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires permanent location on the ground or attachment to something having a permanent location on the ground.

 

(Ord. No. Z-3-2000 Amended 6-26-00-Effective Upon Passage)

 

STRUCTURE, OUTDOOR ADVERTISING - Any structure of any kind or character erected or maintained for outdoor advertising purposes, upon which any outdoor advertising sign may be placed, including also outdoor advertising statuary.

 

STRUCTURE, PRINCIPAL - A structure in which the principal or primary use of the property is carried out.

 

(Ord. No. Z-3-2000 Amended 6-26-00-Effective Upon Passage)

 

SUBDIVISION - The division of a parcel of land into two (2) or more lots or parcels for the purpose of transfer of ownership or building development.  The term includes resubdivision and, when appropriate to the context of the Front Royal Subdivision Ordinance, shall relate to the process of subdividing or to the land subdivided.

 

SURVEYOR, LAND - A licensed professional surveyor registered in the Commonwealth of Virginia by the Department of Professional and Occupational Registration as a surveyor.


TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS - A business consisting of one or more than one in combination of the following:


1. Electronic Information Operations and Providers - Businesses that assist other businesses to better manage their paper documents by putting them in an electronic database that can easily be viewed by a larger group of people.


2. Internet Service Providers - Businesses that provide internet service to businesses or residents.


3. Software Design and Development - Businesses that design software or businesses that develop the design of specific software.


4. Computer and Peripheral Sales and Assembly -
Businesses that assemble computers or sell the hardware associated with computers.


5. Content Developers - Businesses that design and build computer systems


6. Internet Based Sales and Services -
Businesses whose primary trade is based on the Internet, be it sales or service provider.


7. Hardware Design, Manufacture, Assembly and Development -
Businesses that manufacture, assemble, or develop hardware design for computers.


8. Telecommunications Based Video Service Providers -
Businesses that use video-conferencing or cable connections for employees to telecommute.


9. Outbound or Inbound Call Centers -
Businesses that either market their product through phone calls or businesses that answer consumer questions.


10. Telecommunications Equipment Manufacture, Assembly and Service -
Businesses that build, put together or service telecommunications equipment.

 

(Ord. No. Z-4-2000 Added 6-26-00-Effective Upon Passage)

 

THEATER, INDOOR - A building designed and/or used primarily for the commercial exhibition of motion pictures to the general public or used for performance of plays, acts and dramas by actors and/or actresses.

 

TOURIST HOME - See "Bed-and-Breakfast Home."

 

(Ord. No. Z-6-90 Amended 5-14-90-Effective Upon Passage)

 

TOWNHOUSE - At least three (3) and not more than eight (8)    attached dwelling units forming a continuous structure, each  unit being separated by unpierced common or party walls of masonry construction going through the roof of said unit void of fenestration or means of ingress or egress from the basement through the roof with individual exterior entrances at grade and with not more than four (4) abutting "townhouses" or dwelling units having the same front yard setback; the setback differential shall be at least three (3) feet.  Each "townhouse" unit shall occupy no fewer than two (2) stories in structure.

 

TRAVEL TRAILER - Any recreational vehicle.

 

(Ord. No. Z-1-96 Amended 7-16-96-Effective Upon Passage)

 

USE - The purpose or activity for which land or buildings thereon is designed, arranged or intended or for which it is occupied or maintained and shall include any manner of performance of such activity with respect to the performance standards of this chapter.

 

VARIANCE - A relaxation of the terms of the Zoning Ordinance where such "variance" will not be contrary to the public interest and where, owing to conditions peculiar to the property and not the result of the action of the applicant, a literal enforcement of the ordinance will work undue hardships on the property owner; a "variance" is authorized only for height, area and size of a structure or size of yards and open spaces; establishment or expansion of a use otherwise prohibited shall not be allowed by "variance," nor shall a "variance" be granted because of the presence of nonconformities in the zoning division or district or adjoining divisions or districts nor solely for the economic benefit of the person requesting such "variance."

 

WIRELESS TELEPHONE (CELL PHONE) COMMUNICATIONS TOWERS - Facilities for the proviso of personal wireless services, as defined by 47 U.S.C Section 332 (Section 704 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996), including those Federal Communications Commission licensed commercial wireless telecommunications services such as cellular, personal communications services (PCS), specialized mobile radio (SMR), enhanced specialized mobile radio (ESMR), and unlicensed wireless services and common carrier wireless exchange access services.

 

(Ord. No. 23-05 Added 9-26-05-Effective Upon Passage)

 

YARD - An open space of a generally uniform width or depth on the same land with a building or group of buildings, which open space lies between the building or group of buildings and the nearest lot line and is occupied and unobstructed from the ground upward except as otherwise provided herein.

 

YARD, FRONT - A yard extending across the full width of the lot and lying between the adjacent street right-of-way line and the building setback line.

 

YARD, REAR - A yard extending across the full width of the lot and lying between the rear property line of the lot and a line drawn generally parallel thereto, at such distance as specified in this chapter.

 

YARD, SIDE - A yard between the side lot line and a line drawn generally parallel thereto, at such distance as may be specified herein for any district, and extending from the front yard line to the rear yard line.

 

ZONING ADMINISTRATOR - See "Administrator."

 

ZONING MAP - The Official Zoning Map of the Town of Front Royal, Virginia, and all amendments thereto.

 

ZONING PERMIT - A permit issued by the Zoning Administrator to the applicant before the applicant may proceed with any work affected by any provision of this chapter or begin any uses of land and/or structures as permitted by this chapter.